how to set up linux(debian)

by Hao Chen
1 min read

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Debian

  1. How to Install a Debian Minimal Server :door:

  2. Configure the server

     sudo apt remove vim-common
 sudo apt install dnsutils net-tools curl vim
 sudo update-alternatives --config editor
    
 # choose vim.basic

  3. how to set up ssh keys :door:

     # setup user login over ssh
 mkdir -p ~/.ssh
 touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
 # add your public key into authorized_keys 
    
 # disable password login
 # update value in /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    
 # To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here!
 # PasswordAuthentication * => PasswordAuthentication no
 # PermitEmptyPasswords * => PermitEmptyPasswords no
 # ChallengeResponseAuthentication * => ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
 # UsePAM * => UsePAM no
    
 # disbale root login
 # PermitRootLogin * => PermitRootLogin no
 sudo systemctl restart sshd

  4. set up some alias

     # Add alias
 alias reboot='systemctl reboot'
 alias poweroff='systemctl poweroff'

  5. add a new user

     # Then add a new user that will be able to use sudo.
 useradd -m -G sudo <username> # (-m creates the home directory /home/user; -G adds the user to the sudoers group)
 # set the password for the new user
 passwd <username>

  6. sudo without password :door:

     sudo su -
 echo "`whoami`     ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/sudoers
 "`whoami` ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: NOPASSWD: ALL"

  7. Arrow keys don’t work in insert mode

    • Research :see_no_evil: 
     user@debian:~$ cat /etc/vim/vimrc.tiny
 " Vim configuration file, in effect when invoked as "vi". The aim of this
 " configuration file is to provide a Vim environment as compatible with the
 " original vi as possible. Note that ~/.vimrc configuration files as other
 " configuration files in the runtimepath are still sourced.
 " When Vim is invoked differently ("vim", "view", "evim", ...) this file is
 " _not_ sourced; /etc/vim/vimrc and/or /etc/vim/gvimrc are.
    
 " Debian system-wide default configuration Vim
 set runtimepath=~/.vim,/var/lib/vim/addons,/usr/share/vim/vimfiles,/usr/share/vim/vim82,/usr/share/vim/vimfiles/after,/var/lib/vim/addons/after,~/.vim/after
    
 set compatible
    
 " vim: set ft=vim:

     user@debian:~$ cat /etc/vim/vimrc.tiny
 " Vim configuration file, in effect when invoked as "vi". The aim of this
 " configuration file is to provide a Vim environment as compatible with the
 " original vi as possible. Note that ~/.vimrc configuration files as other
 " configuration files in the runtimepath are still sourced.
 " When Vim is invoked differently ("vim", "view", "evim", ...) this file is
 " _not_ sourced; /etc/vim/vimrc and/or /etc/vim/gvimrc are.
    
 " Debian system-wide default configuration Vim
 set runtimepath=~/.vim,/var/lib/vim/addons,/usr/share/vim/vimfiles,/usr/share/vim/vim82,/usr/share/vim/vimfiles/after,/var/lib/vim/addons/after,~/.vim/after
    
 set nocompatible
 set backspace=2
    
 " vim: set ft=vim:

    or vim-full

     sudo apt remove vim-common
 sudo apt install vim

    or

     echo "set nocompatible" >> .vimrc
 echo "set backspace=2" >> .vimrc
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